A perpetual innovator who indelibly altered the nature of his craft, French director Jean-Luc Godard stood at the forefront of the French New Wave, the late-1950s movement that included Fran'ois Truffaut, Eric Rohmer, and other former film critics from the journal Cahiers du Cinema who refracted the

Citational, Collage, Deconstructive, Existentialist literature, Expansive, French new wave, Intimate, Minimal, Open-ended, Quiet, Self-reflection, Social revolution

From an early age, Joyce disdained what he saw as the shabby Philistinism of his birthplace, Dublin, rejecting the Catholicism that dominated Irish culture in favor of a literary faith and a rebel's stance. Absolutely convinced of his genius, Joyce left for self-imposed exile in Europe in 1904, and b

Composed, Excessive, Expansive, Formless, Layered, Modernist literature, Moody, Playful, Postmodern fiction, Profane, Religious, Sprawling, Subtle

Although she is one of the twentieth-century artists who made Modernism unmistakably American, Georgia O'Keeffe channeled the European influences of Rodin, Matisse, and Picasso into an extremely personal vision of landscape. Encouraged by Arthur Wesley Dow's fusion of Japanese art, Art Nouveau's app

American modern, American regional painting, Biomorphic, Demure, Elegant, Erotic, Ethereal, Expansive, Feminine, Minimal

The Dutch architect Aldo van Eyck, a member of the loosely associated Team X, was deeply concerned with the spiritual vacuity of most modern architecture. Dismayed at Rotterdam's development since World War II, van Eyck was convinced that such industrial designs caused alienation and psychological di

Ciam, Expansive, Geometric, Open-ended, Playful, Round, Sincere, Team x