Huge face, huge voice, huge presence: the distinguishing characteristics of Fyodor Chaliapin, Russian Basso of the early twentieth century's opera stage. At the same moment that film was gaining momentum as a medium, Chaliapin seemed to anticipate, and set the standard for, artists like Bela Lugos
The portion of the nineteenth century that posterity has dubbed the Romantic era saw the birth of one of Western culture's greatest archetypes: the Romantic genius. The spirit of the age was incarnated in several dozen men and women, artists whose powers of expression were matched only by the origina
Shostakovich is often, in musical circles, called the greatest composer of the twentieth century. Yet the
quality of his music is so uneven that, while a third of it is the brain-bombing work of a divine genius, another
third is almost worthless, and another third scares young violinists into abandon
The harmonic foundations on which Western music had rested since the Renaissance got a strong shaking in the earthquake that was Romanticism. Dissonant notes were sounded -- and left unresolved. In time, the need for a tonal center was questioned, and by the turn of the century, atonal music had arri