After completing an apprenticeship in lithography, Armin Hofmann began teaching his own typographic principles at the Basel School of Design in 1947. Hofmann espoused a dynamic balance of all the parts of a design and a modern aesthetic. He and his colleagues, who contributed to the development of Sw

Clean, Functional, Pristine, Severe, Swiss international style

Paul Rand was a four-career man. At the age of 23, Rand began his career as art director of Esquire and Apparel Arts. His extensive design education inspired his distinct style -- a marriage of modern typography with nineteenth-century engravings. The transition to his second career in advertising wa

Classical, Constructivist design, Elegant, New york school design, Pristine, Round

Mario Botta apprenticed with acclaimed Modernist architect Louis I. Kahn before developing his own style of Neo-Realism -- a kind of Postmodern Classicism that invents its own orders. He ditches the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian forms of old for a layering of colors, textures, materials, and elements

Biomorphic, Critical regionalism, Functional, Polychromatic, Postmodern furniture, Pristine, Round, The tichino school

In 1947, Christian Dior put Paris back in the center of the fashion universe with his "New Look." The new style melded the best of the Belle Epoque with the most advanced styling techniques of the times. Poetic, romantic, and classical, Dior provided the world with a glamorous, modernized version of

Cool, Dior's "the new look" (1947), Elegant, Feminine, Monochromatic, Pristine, Urban chic